Cardiff

Economic profile. Data last updated 2026-03-28.

Cardiff supports 226,320 workplace jobs with median earnings broadly in line with the England average. Productivity (GVA per job) is ranked 32nd of 391 local authorities.

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Workplace Jobs

226,320

Claimant Rate

3.9%

England: 4.1%

Median Annual Earnings

£32,756

167th of 348

England: £33,080

Median House Price

£272,802

1.8%

England: £290,000

Price-to-Earnings

8.3x

GVA per Job

£67,217

England: £63,763

Source: ONS, Nomis, HM Land Registry, 2024-2025·Last updated March 2026

Employment & Labour Market

Monthly claimant count rate over the past 3 years.

Source: Claimant Count via Nomis, BRES, 2020-2026·Last updated March 2026

Industry Structure

Location quotients and shift-share analysis for Cardiff's economy.

The most specialised sectors are Public administration & defence (LQ 2.54) and Electricity, gas & air conditioning (LQ 2.44). Financial & insurance shows the strongest local competitive advantage. Administrative & support services underperforms its national sectoral trend.

Largest Sector

Human health & social work

Most Specialised

Public administration & defence

England: LQ 2.54

Fastest Growing

Financial & insurance

Specialised Sectors

5

England: LQ > 1.25

Source: BRES via Nomis, 2020-2024·Last updated March 2026

Economic Output

Estimated Gross Value Added for Cardiff, derived from sector employment and national productivity ratios.

Total GVA

£15.2bn

GVA per Job

£67,217

England: £63,763

Productivity Rank

32

32nd of 391

Top GVA Sector

Financial & insurance

Estimates based on national GVA-per-job ratios applied to local sector employment (BRES). Indicative only. See Methodology for details.

Earnings & Income

Gross annual earnings distribution, 2025.

Median annual earnings of £32,756 are in line with the England median of £33,080. The 90/10 earnings ratio is 5.4x (England: 6.2x), indicating relatively high wage inequality.

Median Annual

£32,756

England: £33,080

10th Percentile

£12,000

90th Percentile

£64,410

90/10 Ratio

5.4x

Source: ASHE via Nomis, 2025·Last updated March 2026

Skills & Qualifications

Census 2021 highest qualification and occupation data.

Source: Census 2021, ONS

Demographics

Census 2021 population by age band.

The population is 362,310 with 68.4% of working age. The dependency ratio is 46.3%.

Population

362,310

Working-Age %

68.4%

Dependency Ratio

46.3%

Working-Age Pop.

247,729

Source: Census 2021, ONS·Last updated 2021

Commuting & Travel to Work

Census 2021 method of travel to work for Cardiff residents.

36.1% of residents work from home. The most common commute method is driving a car or van (40.1%).

Total Commuters

160,439

Work from Home

36.1%

Source: Census 2021 TS061, ONS·Last updated 2021

Business Environment

Active enterprises in Cardiff from the UK Business Counts dataset.

11,825 active enterprises operate in this area. The business base has declined by 5.0% over three years. 74.7% of enterprises have fewer than 5 employees.

Active Enterprises

11,825

3-Year Growth

-5.0%

5.0%

Share of England

0.5%

Source: UK Business Counts via Nomis, 2024·Last updated March 2026

Housing & Property Market

Estimated house prices for Cardiff vs England, 2015-2025.

The median house price of £272,802 is below the England median of £290,000. The price-to-earnings ratio is 8.3x. Prices have risen 1.8% over the past year.

Median Price

£272,802

England: £290,000

Price-to-Earnings

8.3x

12-Month Change

1.8%

Source: HM Land Registry, Census 2021, 2015-2025·Last updated March 2026

Place & Deprivation

Index of Multiple Deprivation 2019. Cardiff is ranked 11 out of 22 local authorities (1 = most deprived).

Ranked 11th of 22 local authorities on the IMD (1 = most deprived). The most challenging domain is Physical Environment (ranked 1st), while Access to Services ranks comparatively better (20th).

IMD Rank

11 / 22

IMD Score

22.8

Deprivation Percentile

55th

Source: Welsh Government WIMD, 2019·Last updated 2019

Impact Calculator

Estimate the economic impact of investment or job creation in Cardiff using regional input-output multipliers.

Source: Derived from ONS Supply-Use Tables, regionalized via SLQ, 2019·Last updated March 2026